Year 1005: Historical Events Overview
Year 1005 (MV) was a common year that began on a Monday under the Julian calendar.
Events by Place
Europe
In Spring, the Republic of Pisa launched a military offensive against Saracen strongholds in Southern Italy. The Pisan fleet successfully sacked the city of Reggio Calabria, establishing Pisa as one of the four prominent Maritime Republics alongside Genoa, Venice, and Amalfi. These republics engaged in fierce competition for control of the Mediterranean Sea.
British Isles
On March 25, King Kenneth III of Scotland was killed in the Battle of Monzievaird in Strathearn. He was succeeded by his cousin Malcolm II, known as “Forranach, the Destroyer”, who was the son of the deceased King Kenneth II.
During the summer, Viking raids continued as Danish raiders under Sweyn Forkbeard ravaged cities in southern England. A famine struck Sweyn’s forces, forcing them to depend on local resources.
On November 16, Ælfric of Abingdon, the archbishop of Canterbury, included ships in his will, leaving the best equipped for 60 men to King Æthelred the Unready.
Meanwhile, High King Brian Boru of Ireland conducted a second expedition northward to seize hostages from the northern kingdoms. During this campaign, he made an offering of 20 ounces of gold to the church at Armagh, affirming ecclesiastical supremacy over the whole of Ireland.
Asia
From January 13-18, the Shanyuan Treaty was established between the Liao dynasty and the Song dynasty. The Song agreed to an annual tribute of 200,000 bolts of raw silk and 100,000 taels of silver, thereby concluding ongoing northern border conflicts.
On May 13, the Japanese court granted permission for Fujiwara no Korechika to enter the palace. Additionally, Lê Trung Tông succeeded his father Lê Hoàn as the emperor of the early Lê dynasty of modern Vietnam, leading to a period marked by chaos and an eight-month succession war.
Notable Births
- June 20 – al-Zahir li-i’zaz Din Allah, Fatimid caliph of Egypt (d. 1036)
- September 26 – Fujiwara no Nagaie, Japanese nobleman (d. 1064)
- A Nong, Chinese shaman and matriarch (approximate date)
- Berenguer Ramon I, Spanish nobleman (d. 1035)
- Bertha of Blois, duchess consort of Brittany (approximate date)
- Eilika of Schweinfurt, German noblewoman (approximate date)
- Frederick II, German nobleman and overlord (d. 1075)
- Llywelyn Aurdorchog, Welsh nobleman (approximate date)
- Macbeth, king of Scotland (approximate date)
- Mahmud al-Kashgari, Turkish lexicographer (d. 1102)
Notable Deaths
- March 25 – Kenneth III, king of Scotland
- October 31 – Abe no Seimei, Japanese astrologer (b. 921)
- November 16 – Ælfric of Abingdon, archbishop of Canterbury
- December 14 – Adalbero II, bishop of Verdun and Metz
- December 27 – Nilus the Younger, Byzantine abbot (b. 910)
- Abu Hilal al-Askari, Muslim scholar and writer (b. 920)
- Cynan ap Hywel, prince of Gwynedd (approximate date)
- Lê Hoàn, emperor of the Early Lê dynasty (b. 941)
- Lê Trung Tông, emperor of the Early Lê dynasty (b. 983)
- Isma’il Muntasir, ruler of the Samanids
- Mael Ruanaidh Ua Dubhda, king of Connacht
- Ma Yize, Muslim astronomer of the Song dynasty
- Ragnall mac Gofraid, king of the Isles (or 1004)
- Sigmundur Brestisson, Viking chieftain (b. 961)
- Yves de Bellême, Norman nobleman (approximate date)