Bold plans for what has been described as the ‘world’s most ambitious undersea’ project have encountered significant delays.
The Vision of an Underwater Tunnel
The concept of an underwater tunnel linking Spain with Morocco has been under consideration for decades, first envisioned in 1930. This proposed tunnel would connect Punta Paloma in southern Spain with Malabata in northern Morocco, spanning an underwater distance of approximately 17 miles at a maximum depth of 1,550 feet.
Project Specifications and Economic Impact
According to reports, the construction of this tunnel could be a staggering £6 billion project. It has the potential to transport 12.8 million passengers and 13 million tons of cargo annually, significantly reducing travel times between Madrid and Casablanca. However, it is worth noting that while the tunnel would improve travel efficiency, it would still be slower than flying.
Recent Developments and Feasibility Studies
Recently, the Moroccan National Company for Strait Studies (SNED) announced that it was exploring financing options for this monumental infrastructure project. To advance the initiative, Spain contracted Herrenknecht Iberica, a subsidiary specializing in mechanized tunneling, to conduct a feasibility study. This study highlighted ‘extreme challenges’ related to technology and logistics, leading to the selection of the Umbral de Camarinal route, which is believed to present more manageable conditions.
Challenges Ahead
Despite hopes of opening the tunnel before the 2030 FIFA World Cup, initial studies have unveiled unforeseen geological challenges that could delay the project. Transport Minister Oscar Puente remarked that the conditions are more complex than anticipated, leading experts to conclude that the 2030 target is unrealistic. The project is now aiming for completion by 2040.
Design and Phased Construction
The proposed design includes a phased construction approach. The first phase will feature a single rail tunnel allowing both passenger and freight trains to travel in both directions. Subsequent phases may introduce additional tunnels to facilitate simultaneous travel in each direction and include provisions for safety services.
A Historic Infrastructure Link
If successful, this tunnel would represent the first-ever rail link between two continents, enhancing global connectivity and serving as a crucial transportation artery. The project has reignited interest in connecting Europe and Africa, a vision that has persisted for over a century.
Conclusion
As the feasibility studies continue and challenges are addressed, the ambitious dream of an undersea tunnel remains alive, promising to reshape transportation between Morocco and Spain.
